# MilkyTracker Manual v1.06

Hello and welcome to MilkyTracker, an all-in-one Tracker musicstudio. It's open source, multi-platform and inspired by and compatible with Fasttracker II.

#### Disclaimer:

MilkyTracker is under development so use it at your own risk. The team is not responsible for any loss of data and/or hardware damage caused by MilkyTracker.

Now, with the formalities taken care of, let's have a look at the…

## Table of Contents

## Supported platforms

MilkyTracker currently runs on the following platforms:

- AmigaOS 4
- AROS
- *BSD
- GNU/Linux
- Haiku
- Mac OS X
- Microsoft Windows 9x/NT/Me/200x/XP/Vista
- Microsoft Windows CE 3.0+/Mobile

It has also been known to run on:

- Xbox (GNU/Linux)
- Solaris 9 & 10
- Sony PlayStation Portable

You can run MilkyTracker on other platforms by compiling from source.

## Overview

MilkyTracker is an open source, multi-platform music application; more specifically part of the tracker family. It attempts to recreate the module replay and user experience of the popular DOS application Fasttracker II, with special playback modes available for improved Amiga ProTracker 2.x/3.x compatibility. MilkyTracker is not "another Windows tracker", which should already be made obvious by the plethora of supported desktop and portable platforms. In fact it started as a project to bring tracking to the Pocket PC. When this milestone was reached, the next one was creating a truly FT2 compatible tracker for portable as well as modern desktop platforms.

## Features

- Fasttracker II-like, custom graphical user interface with context menus
- Supported on multiple platforms including portable devices
- Very accurate .XM replay compared to FT2
- ProTracker 2/3 playback modes for playing and editing .MOD files
- Various resampler options including emulated Amiga 500/1200 sound output
- Choose between a modern and a true-to-FT2 editing scheme / keyboard layout
- Tabbed user interface for opening and playing up to 32 modules simultaneously and for exchanging data between them
- Over 30 imported module formats
- Basic archive support for loading zipped, powerpacked and UMX modules directly
- Rendering songs/patterns to disk (.WAV) or directly to sample
- Powerful sample editor featuring waveform generators, synths & fx
- In-depth instrument editor featuring envelope zooming and scaling and support for copying and swapping instruments and samples across tabs
- Copy/swap dialog for instrument management
- Undo/redo in pattern/sample/instrument editor
- Low latency audio driver support
- MIDI In support
- Module optimizer
- Internal file browser option
- Various font sizes for improved visibility of pattern data
- Prospective pattern view option
- Playing and editing simultaneously
- Live mode for seamless pattern changes
- MilkySynth Sample generator including seamless looping reverb/delay

### Sample Editor

The sample editor is an exciting part of Milkytracker, and gives you access to synths, waveform generators and effects. All these are straightforward in their use, an come in 3 types:

1. Previewable effects (volume, filter, eq e.g.)
2. Non-previewable effects (compress, fade in e.g.)
3. Modulating effects (paste effects, vocoder)

Previewable effects are audible while playing a note/pattern with the selected sample, and changing sliders at the same time. In other cases the effect needs to be applied first manually (undo-button will undo the effect).

Modulating effects use the clipboard contents (select a sample, and press the copy-button) to apply the effect to a selected sample. For example to vocode a sample with another, first copy a sample to the clipboard, then select another sample before launching the vocoder (contextmenu > FX > Vocoder).

For samplist and sampletracker artists, the possibilities and combinations here are exciting & endless.

### Loop station

Milkytracker is also a loopstation to create, edit and mix sample-loops for use in modules or external gear.
It ships with ability to render a pattern into a sample(loop):

1. render to sample (ctrl+shift+v)
2. render to sample [overdub] (ctrl+alt+shift+v)

The current selected sample (in the sample-editor) will be the target sample.
Overdub mode will act as a loop-pedal: it records the pattern into the sample (while preserving the target sample-length).
This allows for complex loops and exciting bundling capabilities.
These exciting features can be found in the pattern and sample-editor contextmenu.

### Milky synth

MilkyTracker offers a modest a multi-synthesizer to generate looped or single/multi-cycle waveforms.
A synth-dialog appears when pressing the 'synth' or '*'-button in the sample-screen.
The first slider allows several synth-algorithms:

1. FM: synth (based on Riku Salminen's jamtoysynth)
2. CYCLE: single/multi cycle waveforms
3. SONANT: 4k PLsynth by [Ferris/YouthUprising,Dominic Szablewski]
4. UNZ: percussion synth [based on FSM kick]

These rules apply to all synthesis options:

1. the synth-buttons only work on empty- or previously synthesized samples.
2. enable additive/layered synthesis by hitting 'select all' before launching the synth-dialog
3. pressing the '*'-button will randomly select a starting-preset (which can be edited later)
4. extra ADSR & panning envelopes in the Instrument Editor (check the volume envelope checkbox)

Note: most parameters allow sample-overflow (long release/reverb/delay leaks into beginning of sample) to aid seamless looping. Also, everything can be further modulated by the Instrument editor (TIP: check the volume envelope-checkbox) to produce infinite unique textures and synths, so it does not stop at the ADSR of FM.

ASCIISYNTH naming-convention

Pressing 'OK' after the 'synth'-button will name the sample via the ASCIISYNTH naming-convention. This allows editing the generated preset across MOD/XM-modules (named with a 'M1' milkysynth prefix) later on. In additive mode this gives you only access to the last generated preset.

FM parameters:

- volume: total volume of the sample
- size: samplesize ((samplerate/6)*i)
- attack: [A]DSR fade in
- decay: A[D]SR hold
- release: ADS[R] fade out
- freq model:
  1: syncs modulator & carrier to note frequencies
  2: syncs modulator & carrier to note frequenceis + phasediff
  3: carrier freqs synced to notes + freeform modulator freqs
  4: modulator freq as LFO
- carrier freq: base frequency
  SIN/SQ/SAW/TRI/NOIZ: carrier waveform type
  AMP: amplitude
- modulator freq: frequency which will modulate with base freq
  SIN/SQ/SAW/TRI/NOIZ: carrier waveform type
  AMP: amplitude
  NO/AM/FM/RI/TRE/VIB/KS: modulation type:
  NO: modulate with 0
  AM: modulate amplitude of carrier
  FM: modulate frequency of carrier
  RI: ringmodulate carrier
  TR: tremolo on carrier
  VIB: vibrato on carrier
  KS: Karplus-strong via delay + filter
- transient: onset frequency sweep amp
  size: sweep size
- delay: seamless loopable delay amp
  size: delay length
  feedback: delay feedback
- spacetime: seamless reverb amp + size
- filter: bandpass filter
- loop type:
  - no loop
  - forward
  - pingpong
  - one shot

Cycle parameters:

- volume: total volume of the sample
- wave amp: amplitude
- wave type:
  - 1: sine
  - 2: square
  - 3: triangle
  - 4: saw
  - 5: half sine
  - 6: absolute sine
  - 7: white noise
  - 8: pink noise
  - 9: brown noise
- multiply: frequency multiplier (harmonics)
- feedback: foldback distortion via sin(x*i)
- loop type:
  - 0: no loop
  - 1: forward
  - 2: pingpong
  - 3: one shot

SONANT parameters:

- osc mix: ratio between osc0 and osc1
- attack: fade-in of note
- decay: fade-out [sustain+release] of note
- noise: volume of noise oscillator
>
- osc waveforms: sin/sq/saw/tri waveform combinations between osc0/osc1
  - octaves: octave-combinations between osc0/osc1
  - envelope mode: exponential freq-env combinations for osc0/osc1
- osc0: frequency
  - detune: frequency
- osc1: frequency
  - detune: frequency
- filter type: [1]off [2]highpass [3]lowpass [4]bandpass [5]notch
  - filter requency
  - filter resonance
- LFO amp/filter LFO targets [0]nothing [1]amplitude [2]filterfreq [3]1+2
  - freq: LFO frequency
  - amount: LFO amplitude
  - waveform: sin/sq/saw/tri
- delay: delay frequency (50% wet)
>
- trigger algo: single/multi note presets
>
- spacetime: seamless reverb amp + size
- loop type:
  - 0: no loop
  - 1: forward
  - 2: pingpong
  - 3: one shot
  - 4: forward + 1x loopfold
  - 5: forward + 2x loopfold
  - 6: forward + 3x loopfold

UNZ parameters:

- volume: total volume of the sample
- size: samplesize ((samplerate/6)*i)
- amp decay: note fade-ratio between osc0 and osc1
- frequency: base frequency
  - start: frequency slide begin
  - stop: frequency slide end
  - share: slide curve
- noise: noise oscillator volume
  - transient vol: transient oscillator volume
  - transient size: length of transient
  - attack: noise oscillator fade-in
  - sustain: noise oscillator max
  - release: noise oscillator fade-out
- reverb: noise oscillator volume
  - hp freq: highpass frequency
  - hp Q: highpass resonance
  - size: reverb impulse length
- feedback: frequency multiplier
- attack: overall attack of output

### Channels and Scopes

Milkytracker takes a revolutionary approach compared to a most midi samplers:

- a channel is not limited to one sample, volume, effect or panning settings
- up to 128 channels allowed

MOD files are true pieces of art when it comes to combining things in max 4 channels.

The scopes allow you to see the sample-signal & vu-meters, which can be controlled by mouse and keyboard:

- mouse left-click: (un)mute
- mouse left+right-click: (un)solo
- shift 1..9: (un)mute particular channel
- ctrl (shift) M: (un)solo particular channel

### Resamplers

MilkyTracker offers various resampling options for module playback, rendering and sample processing. These are:

- No interpolation
- Linear interpolation
- Cubic Lagrange
- Cubic Spline
- Fast Sinc (window size 16, fixed point integer, sinc lookup table)
- Precise Sinc (window size 128, double floating point)
- Amiga 500
- Amiga 500 LED
- Amiga 1200
- Amiga 1200 LED

While the choice of resampler is a matter of personal taste, you should keep in mind that Linear interpolation represents the highest quality option available in Fasttracker II so that's what the majority of .XM files were probably made (to be played) with. Many chiptunes will however sound very muffled with interpolation because of their short samples and therefore relatively greater impact of interpolation. The Amiga modes are meant to be used with 4 channel .MODs only. Precise Sinc is a CPU killer - great for resampling in the sample editor but don't expect hot real-time performance.

### Volume Ramping

1. None (not adviced: this can cause clicks)
2. Sample end (adviced: keeps drumtransients unaffected)
3. Sample end+start (the revered FT2 sound, at the expense of drumtransients)

The purpose of ramping in samplers, is to avoid unwanted clicks in the song. Clicks happen when there is a sudden DC offset change, which usually occurs:

1. start: when starting a sample that has a DC offset on the first sample
2. end: when changing the volume of a sample
3. end: when cutting a sample

Let's talk about the last two cases. Ramping is good in these cases because otherwise a click is simply unavoidable. When a sample cuts in the song, the song author has little choice about the phase/position of the sample at the beginning of a tick.

In the first case, however, we can say that if the sample starts with a DC offset, then the sample actually contains a click. Is it an intentional click or a mistake of recording? In old mod files, there are certainly plenty of circumstances where there was some error in sampling, and the tools back then could not easily deal with DC offset removal, etc, so it's fine if we ramp it in, even though it may not be "authentic" (plenty of old mod players did not have ramping). This is basically in the same category of 'the listener fixing the song' as surround sound, reverb, EQ in the player.

### Tabs

MilkyTracker enables you to open and play up to 32 modules simultaneously and to exchange data between them. Initially, tabs are invisible but can be activated with keyboard shortcuts described below. There are some configurable options for tabs as well, like automatically opening modules in new tabs and background stopping behavior control. You can choose to never stop playback on background tabs, or to automatically stop on tab change or stop when playback on another tab is started. Playback can also resume upon returning to a tab.

## Imported and exported file formats

### Modules

MilkyTracker can import a wide range of tracker module formats but since Milky is a FT2 clone, modules are replayed in an FT2 environment which means not all features of different formats are supported. MilkyTracker also has basic archive support, so it's possible to load zipped, powerpacked and UMX modules directly.

#### Import:

.669 | 669 Composer/Unis669 (PC)
.AMF | Asylum Music Format ("Crusader" in-game music) (PC)
Digital Sound and Music Interface (DSMI) library (PC)
.AMS | Extreme Tracker (PC)
Velvet Studio (PC)
.CBA | Chuck Biscuits+Black Artist module format (PC)
.DBM | DigiBooster Pro (Amiga)
.DIGI | Digibooster 1.0-1.7 (Amiga)
.DSM | Digisound Interface Kit (DSIK) library (PC)
Dynamic Studio (PC)
.DTM | Digital Tracker (Atari)
DigiTrekker 3.0 (PC)
.FAR | Farandole Composer (PC)
.GDM | General Digimusic (PC)
.GMC | Game Music Creator (Amiga)
.IMF | Imago Orpheus (PC)
.IT | Impulse Tracker (PC)
.MDL | DigiTrakker 1.0-3.0 (PC)
.MOD | Sound-/ProTracker and variants (Amiga & PC)
.MTM | MultiTracker (PC)
.MXM | Cubic Tiny XM (PC)
.OKT | Oktalyzer (Amiga)
.PLM | DisorderTracker II (PC)
.PSM | Epic MegaGames MASI (PC)
.PTM | PolyTracker (PC)
.S3M | Scream Tracker 3.0 (PC)
.SFX | SoundFX (Amiga)
.STM | Scream Tracker 2.0 (PC)
.ULT | UltraTracker (PC)
.UNI | MikMod (PC)
.XM | Fasttracker II (PC)

MilkyTracker's song export options are the same as Fasttracker II's. MilkyTracker also features ProTracker 2.x and 3.x playback modes for .MODs.

#### Export:

.MOD | ProTracker boundaries (including 64kb max sample length), although can save 2–32 channels
.WAV | Microsoft/IBM PCM Waveform audio rendering
.XM | Fasttracker II compatible, not as common as one might think

### Samples

Milky can load practically anything as RAW PCM audio samples; one of FT2's famous features.

#### Import:

.8SVX / .IFF | Compressed/uncompressed Interchange File Format
.AIF / .AIFF | Apple Audio Interchange File Format
.WAV | Microsoft/IBM uncompressed PCM Waveform audio
.* | RAW PCM audio

#### Export:

.IFF | Uncompressed Interchange File Format
.WAV | Microsoft/IBM uncompressed PCM Waveform audio

### Instruments

MilkyTracker can load and save FT2's eXtended Instrument (.XI) format and additionally import Gravis Ultrasound GF1 Patch (.PAT) files.

### Patterns and Tracks

MilkyTracker handles FT2's eXtended Pattern (.XP) and eXtended Track (.XT) files with full compatibility.

## Keyboard shortcuts

By user request, MilkyTracker features two edit modes. You can switch between these in the Config screen (Misc. tab). To learn about the differences and which might better suit you, read the appropriate sections below. There are a couple of shortcuts that are the same for both modes so let's clear those out of the way first:

Please note that under Mac OS X the Command key can be used in addition to the Ctrl key.

Alt-Enter | Switch between full screen and windowed display (Windows & SDL)
Shift-Command-F | Switch between full screen and windowed display (OS X)
Shift-M | Mute current channel
Ctrl-Shift-M | Invert muting
Shift-U | Un-mute all
Ctrl-Shift-T | Open a new tab
Ctrl-Shift-W | Close current tab
Ctrl-Shift-Left | Select previous tab
Ctrl-Shift-Right | Select next tab
Alt-= | Increment instrument number of all notes in the current selection
Alt-- | Decrement instrument number of all notes in the current selection
Ctrl-Shift-= | Increment instrument number of all notes in the current track under the cursor
Ctrl-Shift-- | Decrement instrument number of all notes in the current track under the cursor

### MilkyTracker edit mode

The MilkyTracker mode basically is a bit more "modern" because you can focus on different parts (e.g. Pattern Editor, Instrument listbox, Sample listbox etc.) and when you're pressing keys, they're routed to the focused control. Keyboard shortcuts are also more standard / compatible with slim keyboards. Users who are new to tracking will probably find this a bit more intuitive.

1. navigate instruments via CTRL-up/down arrow-keys
2. navigate samples via CTRL-SHIFT-up/down arrow-keys
3. navigate orderlist via ALT-up/down arrow-keys
4. select pattern in orderlist via ALT-left/right arrow-keys
5. pattern-note selection: hold SHIFT and use arrow-keys to select a block
6. cut, copy & paste by using Ctrl-X/C/V etc.

#### Section switching:

Ctrl-Alt-Space | (cycles thru pattern/instrument/sampler section)
Ctrl-Alt-A | Advanced edit
Ctrl-Alt-C | Configuration
Ctrl-Alt-D | Disk operations
Ctrl-Alt-I | Instrument editor
Ctrl-Alt-R | Disk recorder
Ctrl-Alt-S | Sample editor
Ctrl-Alt-T | Transpose
Ctrl-Alt-X | Main screen
Ctrl-Alt-Z | Toggle scopes

#### Global:

2, 3, 5, 6… | Play / insert notes (depending on whether edit mode is on)
Q, W, E, R…
S, D, F, G…
Z, X, C, V…
F1…F8 | Select octave
Ctrl-Shift-1…8
Space | Toggle pattern editor focus (edit mode on/off)
Enter | Play song from current order
Ctrl-Enter | Play current pattern from beginning
Shift-Enter | Play current pattern from cursor position
Shift-F9 | Play current pattern from beginning (same as Ctrl-Enter)
Shift-F10 | Play current pattern from position after the first quarter of the pattern length
Shift-F11 | Play current pattern from position after the second quarter of the pattern length
Shift-F12 | Play current pattern from position after the third quarter of the pattern length
Alt-Space | Play song from current row (stop and return when keys are released)
Shift-Space | Play row by row
Esc | Stop
Ctrl-F | Toggle song follow
Ctrl-P | Toggle prospective pattern view
Ctrl-W | Toggle pattern wrapping
Ctrl-L | Toggle pattern change behavior (live mode)
Ctrl-O | Load song
Ctrl-S | Save song
Ctrl-Shift-S | Save song as…
Ctrl-Q | Exit program
Alt-F4

#### Pattern Editor:

Cursor keys | Move around
Tab | Jump to next channel
Ctrl-Tab | Jump to previous channel
PageUp | Jump 16 rows up
PageDown | Jump 16 rows down
Home | Jump to first row
End | Jump to last row
F9 | Jump to beginning of the pattern
F10 | Jump to position ¼ through the pattern
F11 | Jump to position halfway through the pattern
F12 | Jump to position ¾ through the pattern
Ctrl-Z | Undo
Ctrl-Y | Redo
Shift-Cursor keys | Select block
CTRL+Shift-Cursor keys | Expand Selected block downwards
Shift-Alt-Cursor keys | Extend block
Ctrl-A | Select entire pattern
Ctrl-X | Cut
Ctrl-C | Copy
Ctrl-V | Paste
Ctrl-ALT-V | Paste with Step-value (polymeter repeat)
Ctrl-R | Repeat current note/value (or selection) with Step-value (polymeter repeat)
Ctrl-Shift-V | Convert current pattern to sample
Ctrl-I | Interpolate values
Delete | Delete note/instrument/volume/effect/parameter
Shift-Del | Delete note, volume and effect at cursor
Ctrl-Del | Delete volume and effect at cursor
Alt-Delete | Delete effect at cursor
Insert | Insert space on current track at cursor position
Shift-Insert | Insert row at cursor position
Alt-Backspace | Insert space on current track at cursor position (alternative for keyboards with no Insert key)
Shift-Alt-Backspace | Insert row at cursor position (alternative for keyboards with no Insert key)
Backspace | Delete previous note
Shift-Backspace | Delete previous row
The key right of LShift | Enter key-off
The key below Esc | Enter key-off (Windows only)
1 | Enter key-off (OS X only)
Ctrl-Plus or Shift-J | Increase Add value
Ctrl-Minus or Shift-H | Decrease Add value
Ctrl-J | Increase BPM by 1
Ctrl-H | Decrease BPM by 1
Ctrl-K | Increase BPM by 5
Ctrl-G | Decrease BPM by 5
Alt-I | Load Instrument (current slot)
Mousedrag selection | move selection
Shift+Mousedrag selection | clones selection (when 'advanced dnd' is enabled in Misc-tab in config)

#### Transpose:

Alt-F7 | Transpose current instrument in block down
Alt-F8 | Transpose current instrument in block up
Shift-F7 | Transpose current instrument in track down
Shift-F8 | Transpose current instrument in track up
Ctrl-F7 | Transpose current instrument in pattern down
Ctrl-F8 | Transpose current instrument in pattern up
Alt-F1 | Transpose all instruments in block down
Alt-F2 | Transpose all instruments in block up
Shift-F1 | Transpose all instruments in track down
Shift-F2 | Transpose all instruments in track up
Ctrl-F1 | Transpose all instruments in pattern down
Ctrl-F2 | Transpose all instruments in pattern up

#### Sample Editor:

Ctrl-Shift up/down | Select next/previous sample
Shift & drag | Quick draw
Shift & drag | Quick draw
Ctrl & drag | Resize selection
Alt & drag | Move selection or loop range

#### Live performance:

CTRL+H | decrease BPM
CTRL+J | increase BPM
CTRL+G | decrease fine BPM
CTRL+K | increase fine BPM
ALT+I | load instrument
CLTR+O | load module
SHIFT+Q..H | (un)toggle note (ASCIISTEP16)
SHIFT+1..9 | (un)mute channel (ASCIISTEP16)
CTRL (SHIFT) M | (un)solo channel
mouseclick scope | (un)mute channel
left+right mouseclick scope | (un)solo channel

ASCIISTEP16 stepsequencer mode

ASCIISTEP16 is a pckeyboard standard & translation of popular hardware 16-step drum/midi/sampler-sequencers. It adds a 'grid'-like keyboard-performancemode to trackers, which toggles pattern-notes/channels.
In Milkytracker pressing SHIFT activates ASCIISTEP16-mode (pressing SHIFT+Q e.g.).

Below is the keyboard-to-step translation:

    			key step comment
    			--- ---  -------
    			Q   0
    			W   1
    			E   2
    			R   3
    			T   4
    			Y   5    international equivalent 'Z' e.g.
    			U   6
    			I   7
    			A   8
    			S   9
    			D   10
    			F   11
    			G   12
    			H   13
    			J   14
    			K   15

    			[un]mute
    			channel  key
    			-------  ---
    			1        '1'
    			2        '2'
    			3        '3'
    			4        '4'
    			5        '5'
    			6        '6'
    			7        '7'
    			8        '8'
    			9        '9'
    			10       '0'
    			11       '-'
    			12       '='

### Fasttracker II edit mode

The FT2 edit mode is for the die-hard FT2 users and probably isn't very intuitive to beginners. Please note that not all FT2 shortcuts are implemented yet and some may differ for various technical reasons. Also note that this edit mode may not be optimal on Pocket PC because of the limitations of their input devices.

#### Section switching:

Ctrl-A | Advanced edit
Ctrl-C | Configuration
Ctrl-D | Disk operations
Ctrl-I | Instrument editor
Ctrl-R | Disk recorder
Ctrl-S | Sample editor
Ctrl-T | Transpose
Ctrl-X | Main screen
Ctrl-Z | Toggle scopes

#### Global:

2, 3, 5, 6… | Play / insert notes (depending on whether edit mode is on)
Q, W, E, R…
S, D, F, G…
Z, X, C, V…
F1…F8 | Select octave
Right Ctrl | Play song from current order
Enter | Play song from current order
Right Alt | Play current pattern from beginning (Windows &SDL)
Ctrl-Enter | Play current pattern from beginning
Shift-Enter | Play current pattern from current row
Shift-F9 | Play current pattern from beginning (same as Ctrl-Enter/Right Alt)
Shift-F10 | Play current pattern from position after the first quarter of the pattern length
Shift-F11 | Play current pattern from position after the second quarter of the pattern length
Shift-F12 | Play current pattern from position after the third quarter of the pattern length
Alt-Space | Play song from current row (stop and return when keys are released)
Shift-Space | Play row by row
Space | Stop / Edit
Shift-Left | Increase song position
Shift-Right | Decrease song position
Ctrl-Left | Increase current pattern number
Ctrl-Right | Decrease current pattern number
Ctrl-F9 | Delete current order position
Ctrl-F10 | Insert new order position
Ctrl-F11 | Decrease current order pattern number
Ctrl-F12 | Increase current order pattern number
Key below ESC (ANSI: Alt-Minus)* | Increase Add value
Shift-key below ESC (ANSI: Alt-Plus)* | Decrease Add value
Ctrl-F | Toggle song follow
Ctrl-P | Toggle prospective pattern view
Ctrl-W | Toggle pattern wrapping
Ctrl-L | Toggle pattern change behavior (live mode)
Shift-Ctrl-L | Load song
Shift-R | Toggle record mode
Shift-Ctrl-S | Save song
Esc | Exit program

* Please note in this table, "Key under esc" refers to the tilde / tick key, section symbol / plusminus key or the ring accent / circumflex key depending on your ISO keyboard, but does not exist on ANSI layouts. See: this issue for details

#### Pattern editor:

Cursor keys | Move around
PageUp | Jump 16 rows up
PageDown | Jump 16 rows down
Home | Jump to first row
End | Jump to last row
Tab | Jump to next track
Shift-Tab | Jump to previous track
Alt-Q…I | Jump to track (0…7) MOD N-Channels
Alt-A…K | Jump to track (8…15) MOD N-Channels
F9 | Jump to beginning of the pattern
F10 | Jump to position ¼ through the pattern
F11 | Jump to position halfway through the pattern
F12 | Jump to position ¾ through the pattern
The key right of LShift | Enter key-off
Caps-Lock | Enter key-off (Windows only)
1 | Enter key-off
Del | Delete note or volume column at cursor
Shift-Del | Delete note, volume and effect at cursor
Ctrl-Del | Delete volume and effect at cursor
Alt-Delete | Delete effect at cursor
Ins | Insert space on current track at cursor position (F13 on Mac)
Shift-Ins | Insert row at cursor position (Shift-F13 on Mac)
Alt-Backspace | Insert space on current track at cursor position (alternative for keyboards with no Insert key)
Shift-Alt-Backspace | Insert row at cursor position (alternative for keyboards with no Insert key)
Backspace | Delete previous note
Shift-Backspace | Delete previous row
Ctrl-Shift-V | Convert current pattern to sample

#### Clipboard operations:

Alt-Cursor keys | Select block
Shift-Alt-Cursor keys | Extend block
Alt-F3 | Cut block
Alt-F4 | Copy block (yes, even under Windows =)
Alt-F5 | Paste block
Alt-F6 | Porous paste block
Shift-F3 | Cut track
Shift-F4 | Copy track
Shift-F5 | Paste track
Shift-F6 | Porous paste track
Ctrl-F3 | Cut pattern
Ctrl-F4 | Copy pattern
Ctrl-F5 | Paste pattern
Ctrl-F6 | Porous paste pattern

#### Additional shortcuts (not found in FT2):

Ctrl-Alt-Z | Undo
Ctrl-Alt-Y | Redo
Ctrl-Alt-A | Select entire pattern
Shift-I | Interpolate values

#### Volume scaling:

Alt-V | Volume scale block
Shift-V | Volume scale track
Ctrl-V | Volume scale pattern

#### Command/Volume macro:

Shift-Alt-1…0 | Read command/volume at cursor
Alt-1…0 | Write command/volume at cursor

#### Transposing notes:

Alt-F7 | Transpose current instrument in block down
Alt-F8 | Transpose current instrument in block up
Shift-F7 | Transpose current instrument in track down
Shift-F8 | Transpose current instrument in track up
Ctrl-F7 | Transpose current instrument in pattern down
Ctrl-F8 | Transpose current instrument in pattern up
Alt-F1 | Transpose all instruments in block down
Alt-F2 | Transpose all instruments in block up
Shift-F1 | Transpose all instruments in track down
Shift-F2 | Transpose all instruments in track up
Ctrl-F1 | Transpose all instruments in pattern down
Ctrl-F2 | Transpose all instruments in pattern up

#### Instrument selection:

Shift-Up or Ctrl-Up | Select previous instrument
Shift-Down or Ctrl-Down | Select next instrument
Ctrl-Shift-Up | Select previous sample
Ctrl-Shift-Down | Select next sample

You can also quick-type the hex-number of the instrument you want to select on the numeric keypad, the layout is like this:

PC | Mac
Num 0…9 | Num 0…9 | Digit 0…9
Num / | Num = | Digit A
Num * | Num / | Digit B
Num - | Num * | Digit C
Num + | Num - | Digit D
Num Enter | Num + | Digit E
Num , | Num Enter | Digit F

#### Sample editor:

Shift & drag | Quick draw
Ctrl & drag | Resize selection
Alt & drag | Move selection or loop range

## Effect command reference

### Glossary

BPM | Traditionally Beats Per Minute, but in tracker terminology it defines the speed of ticks.
Effect memory | When an effect command is called with 0 parameters, previous parameters are used.
Row/line | Refers to one line of "text" on a pattern. In playback its duration depends on how many ticks there are per row (Speed) and fast they are (BPM).
Sample fine-tune/volume/panning | Per sample default settings available through the instrument editor (thus also called instrument volume etc). Overrideable with effect commands. .MODs support these as well but with lower precision. (Save module and load back to enforce .MOD precision.)
Tick | The base time unit in traditional trackers like MilkyTracker, originating from Amiga. Notes are triggered on the first tick of a row (unless delayed) and effects are applied on the following ticks.
Semitone | The smallest musical interval in Western music and in MilkyTracker. A C# note is one semitone away from the note C.
Speed (Spd.) | Number of ticks per row.

### Effect commands

#### Standard commands (.MOD &.XM)

- `0xy` Arpeggio
- `1xx` Portamento up
- `2xx` Portamento down
- `3xx` Portamento to note
- `4xy` Vibrato
- `5xy` Portamento to note with volume slide
- `6xy` Vibrato with volume slide
- `7xy` Tremolo
- `8xx` Set note panning position
- `9xx` Sample offset
- `Axy` Volume slide
- `Bxx` Jump to order
- `Cxx` Set note volume
- `Dxx` Pattern break
- `Exy` Subcommands:
  - `E0x` Amiga LED Filter toggle *
  - `E1x` Fine portamento up
  - `E2x` Fine portamento down
  - `E3x` Glissando control **
  - `E4x` Vibrato control **
  - `E5x` Set note fine-tune
  - `E6x` Pattern loop
  - `E7x` Tremolo control **
  - `E8x` Set note panning position ***
  - `E9x` Re-trigger note
  - `EAx` Fine volume slide up
  - `EBx` Fine volume slide down
  - `ECx` Note cut
  - `EDx` Note delay
  - `EEx` Pattern delay
  - `EFx` Funk it! *
- `Fxx` Set song speed/BPM

#### Extended commands (.XM only)

- `Gxx` Set global volume
- `Hxy` Global volume slide
- `Kxx` Key-off
- `Lxx` Set envelope position
- `Pxy` Panning slide
- `Rxy` Re-trigger note with volume slide
- `Txy` Tremor
- `Xxy` Extra fine portamentos:
  - `X1x` Extra fine portamento up
  - `X2x` Extra fine portamento down

#### Volume column commands (.XM only)

- `xx` Set note volume
- `+x` Volume slide up
- `-x` Volume slide down
- `Dx` Fine volume slide down (displayed as `▼x`)
- `Lx` Panning slide left (displayed as `◀x`)
- `Mx` Portamento to note
- `Px` Set note panning position
- `Rx` Panning slide right (displayed as `▶x`)
- `Sx` Set vibrato speed
- `Ux` Fine volume slide up (displayed as `▲x`)
- `Vx` Vibrato

*) Not implemented, no plans to support
**) Not implemented yet, will be required for feature completeness
***) Not supported on Amiga nor in FT2, effect relocation (8xx, Px) advised

### 0xy Arpeggio

Syntax: | `0`
`x` = semitone offset
`y` = semitone offset
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 037 ··· ·· ·· 037 ··· ·· ·· 037 ··· ·· ·· 037`
Explanation: | Arpeggio quickly alters the note pitch between the base note (C-4) and the semitone offsets `x` (3 = D#4) and `y` (7 = G-4). Each pitch is played for the duration of 1 tick. If speed is higher than 3 (meaning there are more than 3 ticks per row), the sequence is looped. #### ProTracker 2/3 Base note is played for tick 0, then the semitone offset `x` for tick 1, then semitone offset `y` for tick 2. #### Fasttracker II Base note is played for tick 0, then the semitone offset `y` for tick 1, then semitone offset `x` for tick 2.
Notes: | In MilkyTracker you don't have to and indeed you CAN'T enter the effect digit 0. Just start with the parameter digits and the effect digit will be filled in. Doesn't have effect memory and cannot be used without parameters. In Fasttracker II, arpeggio logic fails when song speed is 16 (0x10) or higher. Using arpeggio at such speeds may cause unpredictable results across different players.
Tips: | When both effect parameters are used, it is wise to use a song speed value divisible by 3 in order that the arpeggio sequence can loop smoothly.

### 1xx Portamento up

Syntax: | `1`
`xx` = portamento speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 103 ··· ·· ·· 103 ··· ·· ·· 103 ··· ·· ·· 103`
Explanation: | Portamento is used to slide the note pitch up or down. The higher the `xx`, the faster it goes. Effect is applied on every tick. #### Amiga frequencies The slide speed also depends on the sample frequency.
Notes: | #### ProTracker 2/3 Doesn't have effect memory and cannot be used without parameters.

### 2xx Portamento down

Syntax: | `2`
`xx` = portamento speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 203 ··· ·· ·· 203 ··· ·· ·· 203 ··· ·· ·· 203`
Explanation: | Works similarly to `1xx` portamento up, only bending note pitch down instead of up.
Notes: | #### ProTracker 2/3 Doesn't have effect memory and cannot be used without parameters.

### 3xx Portamento to note

Syntax: | `3`
`xx` = portamento speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· E-4 ·1 ·· 304 ··· ·· ·· 300 ··· ·· ·· 310`
Explanation: | This portamento command bends the already playing note pitch towards another one, entered with the `3xx` command. In the example, C-4 is bent towards E-4 at portamento speed `04` which isn't fast enough to reach the E-4 pitch during the two rows at the default song speed (6/125). However, `310` on the following row continues the portamento and being much faster, achieves the target E-4 pitch.

### 4xy Vibrato

Syntax: | `4`
`x` = speed
`y` = depth
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 481 ··· ·· ·· 402 ··· ·· ·· 400 ··· ·· ·· 460`
Explanation: | Vibrato alters note pitch up and down in the maximum range of a full tone. After the initial `xy` pair, parameters can be set individually. The pitch is reset when the command is discontinued.

### 5xy Portamento to note with volume slide

Syntax: | `5`
`x` = volume slide up speed
`y` = volume slide down speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· E-4 ·1 ·· 304 ··· ·· ·· 504 ··· ·· ·· 504`
Explanation: | Performs portamento to note with parameters initialized with `3xx` or `Mx` while sliding volume similarly to `Axy` volume slide.
Notes: | #### ProTracker 2/3 Doesn't have effect memory for volume slide speeds, `500` works identically to `300`.

### 6xy Vibrato with volume slide

Syntax: | `6`
`x` = volume slide up speed
`y` = volume slide down speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 481 ··· ·· ·· 601 ··· ·· ·· 600 ··· ·· ·· 6C0`
Explanation: | Performs vibrato with parameters initialized with `4xy` or `Sx`+`Vx` while sliding volume similarly to `Axy` volume slide.
Notes: | #### ProTracker 2/3 Doesn't have effect memory for volume slide speeds, `600` works identically to `400`.

### 7xy Tremolo

Syntax: | `7`
`x` = speed
`y` = depth
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 787 ··· ·· ·· 700 ··· ·· ·· 7C0 ··· ·· ·· 700`
Explanation: | Tremolo alters note volume up and down. After the initial `xy` pair, parameters can be set individually. The volume is not reset when the command is discontinued.

### 8xx Set note panning position

Syntax: | `8`
`xx` = panning position
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 880 ··· ·· ·· 8A0 ··· ·· ·· 8C0 ··· ·· ·· 8F0`
Explanation: | Sets the note stereo panning from far left `00` to far right `FF` overriding sample panning setting.
Notes: | #### ProTracker 2/3 On Amiga, the 4 MOD channels are hard panned left, right, right and left by hardware, no use panning manually there. #### Fasttracker II Panning envelopes operate relative to the set position.

### 9xx Sample offset

Syntax: | `9`
`xx` = sample offset
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· C-4 ·1 ·· 908 ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | The sample that the note triggers is played from offset `xx`. The offsets are spread 256 samples apart so `908` skips the first (0x8*256=) 2048 bytes of the sample and plays it on from there. This means that the furthest point `9xx` can reach is (0xFF*256 =) 65280 bytes into the sample.
Tips: | Resampling a loop to exactly (0x10000=) 65536 bytes gives you the highest possible level of control over the sample.

### Axy Volume slide

Syntax: | `A`
`x` = volume slide up speed
`y` = volume slide down speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· A04 ··· ·· ·· A04 C-4 ·1 ·· A0F ··· ·· ·· A80`
Explanation: | Slides note volume up/down at speed `x`/`y` depending on which parameter is specified. Effect is applied per tick so song speed value acts as a multiplier.
Notes: | Parameters `x` and `y` should NOT be used at the same time, doing so almost guarantees unpredictable results across different players. #### ProTracker 2/3 Doesn't have effect memory and cannot be used without parameters.

### Bxx Jump to order

Syntax: | `B`
`xx` = song position
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· B04`
Explanation: | Immediately breaks the current pattern and jumps to order `xx` in the pattern order table (POT).
Tips: | Can be used to divide a song into separate looping sections effectively creating multiple songs using the same set of instruments. Such modules can be used in games and such where the sections can be triggered dynamically by program events.

### Cxx Set note volume

Syntax: | `C`
`xx` = volume
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· C10 ··· ·· ·· C40 ··· ·· ·· C00`
Explanation: | Sets the note volume `00` – `40` overriding sample volume setting.
Notes: | #### Fasttracker II Volume envelopes operate relative to the set volume.

### Dxx Pattern break

Syntax: | `D`
`xx` = row number on next pattern
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· D04`
Explanation: | Breaks the current pattern and jumps to row `xx` on the next pattern.
Notes: | Unlike with the majority of effect parameters, here `xx` is a decimal value rather than hexadecimal. Hexadecimal values are accepted but the first digit is still interpreted as decimal so it's best to avoid hex this time. The highest row number you can jump to is 63.

### E1x Fine portamento up

Syntax: | `E1`
`x` = portamento speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E11 ··· ·· ·· E12 ··· ·· ·· E13 ··· ·· ·· E14`
Explanation: | Works similarly to `1xx` portamento up, only the slide is a lot finer because the effect is applied only once per row.

### E2x Fine portamento down

Syntax: | `E2`
`x` = portamento speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E21 ··· ·· ·· E22 ··· ·· ·· E23 ··· ·· ·· E24`
Explanation: | Works similarly to `2xx` portamento down bending note pitch down, only the slide is a lot finer like with `E1x`.

### E3x Glissando control

Syntax: | `E3`
`x` = glissando control toggle on/off
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E31 D-4 01 ·· 305 ··· ·· ·· 300 ··· ·· ·· E30`
Explanation: | Glissando control `E31` changes note portamento behavior affecting commands `3xx`, `5xy` and `Mx`. Instead of stepless pitch bend (=glissando), the frequencies are rounded to nearest semitone. To revert to default glissando, use `E30`.
Notes: | This command is not yet implemented in MilkyTracker.

### E4x Vibrato control

Syntax: | `E4`
`x` = vibrato waveform selection
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 48C ··· ·· V0 E41 ··· ·· V0 E42 ··· ·· ·· E40`
Explanation: | This command sets the waveform used for `4xy`, `6xy` and `Vx` vibrato commands. The default waveform is sine, reset on every new note (`E40`). Possible parameter `x` values are: `0` = Sine `1` = Ramp down `2` = Square `4` = Continuous sine `5` = Continuous ramp down `6` = Continuous square
Notes: | This command is not yet implemented in MilkyTracker.

### E5x Set note fine-tune

Syntax: | `E5`
`x` = fine-tune
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E54 ··· ·· ·· ··· C-4 ·1 ·· E5C ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | Sets note fine-tune overriding sample fine-tune setting. This command works a little differently for .MOD and .XM tracking. While both parameter value ranges are logical, the latter is also linear. See here:
`x` | ProTracker 2/3 | Fasttracker II
`0` | 0 | -128
`1` | +16 | -112
`2` | +32 | -96
`3` | +48 | -80
`4` | +64 | -64
`5` | +80 | -48
`6` | +96 | -32
`7` | +112 | -16
`8` | -128 | 0
`9` | -112 | +16
`A` | -96 | +32
`B` | -80 | +48
`C` | -64 | +64
`D` | -48 | +80
`E` | -32 | +96
`F` | -16 | +112

### E6x Pattern loop

Syntax: | `E6`
`x` = set loop point / number of iterations
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E60 ··· ·· ·· ··· F-4 01 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· E63`
Explanation: | Loops a section of a pattern `x` times. `E60` sets the (optional) loop start point and `E6x` with `x` values `1`–`F` sets the end point and the number of iterations. If loop start point is not set, beginning of the pattern is used by default.
Notes: | The loop points need to be set on the same channel for them to work correctly. #### Fasttracker II One of the most (in)famous FT2 bugs is the `E60` bug: When `E60` is used on a pattern row x, the following pattern also starts from row x instead of the beginning of the pattern. This can be avoided by placing a `D00` pattern break on the last row of the pattern where `E60` was used.
Tips: | Musicians concerned with correct playback of their .XM modules can utilize the `E60` bug to skip sections of (or the whole) song when played with lesser players. `;)`

### E7x Tremolo control

Syntax: | `E7`
`x` = tremolo waveform selection
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E72 ··· ·· ·· 76C ··· ·· ·· E70 ··· ·· ·· 700`
Explanation: | This command sets the waveform used for `7xy` tremolo command. As with `E4x` vibrato control, the default waveform is sine and the possible parameter `x` values are: `0` = Sine `1` = Ramp down `2` = Square `4` = Continuous sine `5` = Continuous ramp down `6` = Continuous square
Notes: | This command is not yet implemented in MilkyTracker.

### E8x Set note panning position

Syntax: | `E8`
`x` = panning position
Explanation: | This command is another panning position command used by some trackers…
Notes: | …However, since it does not work on Amiga (because of the hardware panning) nor in Fasttracker II (hmm, enough panning commands already?), effect relocation to `8xx` or `Px` is advised in order to produce compatible modules.

### E9x Re-trigger note

Syntax: | `E9`
`x` = triggering interval
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· E93 C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· C-4 ·1 ·· ···`
Explanation: | This command re-triggers a note every `x` ticks.

### EAx Fine volume slide up

Syntax: | `EA`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 10 EA2 ··· ·· ·· EA0 ··· ·· ·· EA4 ··· ·· ·· EA0`
Explanation: | Works similarly to `Ax0` volume slide up, only the slide is a lot finer because the effect is applied only once per row.

### EBx Fine volume slide down

Syntax: | `EB`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· EB2 ··· ·· ·· EB0 ··· ·· ·· EB4 ··· ·· ·· EB0`
Explanation: | Works similarly to `A0y` volume slide down, only the slide is a lot finer like with `EAx`.

### ECx Note cut

Syntax: | `EC`
`x` = tick number
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· EC1 C-4 ·1 ·· EC2 C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· EC0`
Explanation: | Cuts a note by setting its volume to 0 at tick precision. Possible parameter `x` values are `0` – (song speed - 1). Higher values have no effect.

### EDx Note delay

Syntax: | `ED`
`x` = tick number
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· A#3 01 ·· ED3 C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | Delays a note `x` ticks. Like with `ECx` note cut, possible `x` values are `0` – (song speed - 1). Higher values prevent the note from playing altogether.

### EEx Pattern delay

Syntax: | `EE`
`x` = amount of rows
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· A#3 01 ·· EE5 C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | Delays playback progression for the duration of `x` rows.

### Fxx Set song speed/BPM

Syntax: | `F`
`xx` = speed/BPM value
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· F90 A#3 01 ·· F03 C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | Parameter `x` values `01` – `1F` set song speed i.e. the amount of ticks per row. Values `20` – `FF` set the BPM which essentially is the speed of the ticks. `F00` stops playback.

### Gxx Set global volume

Syntax: | `G`
`xx` = volume
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· G40 ··· ·· ·· G20 ··· ·· ·· G10 ··· ·· ·· G00`
Explanation: | Sets the global song note volume `00` – `40`.

### Hxy Global volume slide

Syntax: | `H`
`x` = volume slide up speed
`y` = volume slide down speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· H04 ··· ·· ·· H04 C-4 ·1 ·· H0F ··· ·· ·· H80`
Explanation: | Slides global song volume up/down at speed `x`/`y` depending on which parameter is specified.
Notes: | Parameters `x` and `y` should NOT be used at the same time, doing so almost guarantees unpredictable results across different players.

### Kxx Key-off

Syntax: | `K`
`xx` = tick number
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· K03 ··· ·· ·· ··· C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· K00`
Explanation: | Sends instrument key-off much like the note column counterpart, only in tick precision. As `K00` is the equivalent of a note column key-off, it cancels any actual note on the row. Possible parameter `xx` values are `00` – (song speed - 1). Higher values have no effect.

### Lxx Set envelope position

Syntax: | `L`
`xx` = envelope position
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· L20 ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· ·· L00 ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | Makes the currently playing note jump to tick `xx` on the volume envelope timeline. If the volume envelope's sustain point is set, the panning envelope also jumps to tick `xx` (This is an original FT2 quirk).

### Pxy Panning slide

Syntax: | `P`
`x` = panning slide right speed
`y` = panning slide left speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· P04 ··· ·· ·· P00 ··· ·· ·· P80 ··· ·· ·· P00`
Explanation: | Slides note panning right/left at speed `x`/`y` depending on which parameter is specified. Effect is applied per tick so song speed acts as a multiplier.
Notes: | Parameters `x` and `y` should NOT be used at the same time, doing so almost guarantees unpredictable results across different players.

### Rxy Re-trigger note with volume slide

Syntax: | `R`
`x` = volume slide speed
`y` = triggering interval
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· R81 ··· ·· ·· R12 ··· ·· ·· R23 ··· ·· ·· R04`
Explanation: | Much like E9x, this command rapidly re-triggers a note while sliding its volume. Parameter `x` values affect note volume like this: `0` = previous `x` value `1` = - 1 `2` = - 2 `3` = - 4 `4` = - 8 `5` = -16 `6` = * 0.66666666666666666666666666666667 `7` = * 0.5 `8` = no volume change `9` = + 1 `A` = + 2 `B` = + 4 `C` = + 8 `D` = +16 `E` = * 1.5 `F` = * 2
Notes: | This command is very buggy from the start, straight from the source, Fasttracker II. While FT2's own documentation is inaccurate in many places, this is different. Extensive testing has revealed almost bizarre qualities of this effect and it's up to MilkyTracker to emulate it all. Without a doubt the quirk the team has spent the most time and iterations working on getting it right. And still we advise to be careful with it. When using `Rxy`, check your song with FT2 (render to .WAV if you don't have the hardware (to emulate)), or at least BASS/XMPlay. And if you do find something odd, please report the bug as accurately and detailed as possible. Setting volume on the volume column (`xx`) at the same time with `Rxy` resets the volume to `xx` before each re-trigger making the effect sound different.
Tips | Use `R8y` instead of `R0y` when you want to keep the volume unchanged, these two `x` values are often documented inaccurately as "No volume change" and "Unused", respectively.

### Txy Tremor

Syntax: | `T`
`x` + 1 = ticks on
`y` + 1 = ticks off
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· T13 ··· ·· ·· T00 ··· ·· ·· T31 ··· ·· ·· T00`
Explanation: | Rapidly alters note volume from full to zero, `x` + 1 and `y` + 1 setting the duration of the states in ticks.
Notes: | Using `T00` makes a fast tremor effect but it also functions as effect memory repeating the last parameters. So you can only use this `00` speed once per channel before you use any other parameter values.

### X1x Extra fine portamento up

Syntax: | `X1`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· X11 ··· ·· ·· X10 ··· ·· ·· X18 ··· ·· ·· X10`
Explanation: | Works just like `E1x` fine portamento up, only with 4 times the precision.

### X2x Extra fine portamento down

Syntax: | `X2`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· X21 ··· ·· ·· X20 ··· ·· ·· X28 ··· ·· ·· X20`
Explanation: | Works just like `E2x` fine portamento down, only with 4 times the precision like `E1x` extra fine portamento up.

### xx Set note volume

Syntax: | `xx` = volume
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· 10 ··· ··· ·· 40 ··· ··· ·· 00 ···`
Explanation: | Sets the note volume `00` – `40` overriding sample volume setting. This is what the volume column is primarily used for, hence no effect command character. It's the equivalent of `Cxx` set note volume on the effect column.

### +x Volume slide up

Syntax: | `+`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 10 ··· ··· ·· +2 ··· ··· ·· +4 ··· ··· ·· +8 ···`
Explanation: | Slides note volume up at speed `x` with the song speed (ticks) acting as a multiplier like with Ax0 volume slide on the effect column.

### -x Volume slide down

Syntax: | `-`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· -2 ··· ··· ·· -4 ··· ··· ·· -8 ···`
Explanation: | Slides note volume down at speed `x` with the song speed (ticks) acting as a multiplier like with A0y volume slide on the effect column.

### Dx Fine volume slide down (displayed as ▼x)

Syntax: | `D`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ▼2 ··· ··· ·· ▼4 ··· ··· ·· ▼8 ···`
Explanation: | This is the volume column equivalent of `EBx` fine volume slide down, effect is applied once per row.

### Lx Panning slide left (displayed as ◀x)

Syntax: | `L`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ◀2 ··· ··· ·· ◀4 ··· ··· ·· ◀8 ···`
Explanation: | Slides note panning left at speed `x` with the song speed value (ticks) acting as a multiplier like with `P0x` volume slide on the effect column.

### Mx Portamento to note

Syntax: | `M`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· E-4 01 ·· 304 ··· ·· M0 ··· ··· ·· M1 ···`
Explanation: | This is the volume column equivalent of `3xx` portamento, only with 1 digit resolution. `M1` corresponds to `311`, `M2` to `322` and so on…
Tips: | `3xx` and `Mx` share effect memory, so it's possible to initialize a portamento with a more precise `3xx` value and sustain it with `M0` freeing the effect column for arpeggios, note delays, tremolo or whatever.

### Px Set note panning position

Syntax: | `P`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 P4 ··· ··· ·· ·· ··· ··· ·· PC ··· ··· ·· ·· ···`
Explanation: | This is the volume column equivalent of `8xx` panning, only with 1 digit resolution. `P8` corresponds to `888`, `P9` to `899` and so on…

### Rx Panning slide right (displayed as ▶x)

Syntax: | `R`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· ··· ··· ·· ▶2 ··· ··· ·· ▶4 ··· ··· ·· ▶8 ···`
Explanation: | Slides note panning right at speed `x` with the song speed value (ticks) acting as a multiplier like with `Px0` volume slide on the effect column.

### Sx Set vibrato speed

Syntax: | `S`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 48F ··· ·· S4 A01 ··· ·· ·· 600 ··· ·· ·· 400`
Explanation: | Sets the vibrato speed like the `x` in `4xy` vibrato. In the example it is used instead of `4xy` to free up the effect column.

### Ux Fine volume slide up (displayed as ▲x)

Syntax: | `U`
`x` = speed
Example: | `C-4 ·1 10 ··· ··· ·· ▲2 ··· ··· ·· ▲4 ··· ··· ·· ▲8 ···`
Explanation: | This is the volume column equivalent of `EAx` fine volume slide up, effect is applied once per row.

### Vx Vibrato

Syntax: | `V`
`x` = depth
Example: | `C-4 ·1 ·· 484 ··· ·· V0 ··· ··· ·· V8 ··· ··· ·· V0 ···`
Explanation: | Performs vibrato with depth `x` but requires the speed component to be initialized with `4x0` or `Sx`.
Notes: | Note pitch isn't reset when the command is discontinued.

## MIDI support

MilkyTracker supports basic MIDI input, which means you can use your MIDI device to feed notes into MilkyTracker. Enabling MIDI input varies a little from platform to platform - here's how to do it on…

Windows: | Select Preferences from the system menu (top left corner of the window)
OSX: | Select Preferences from the MilkyTracker menu or press Command-,
Linux: | Enabled by default if available on the system. By default midi-in port 0 will be connected, but the environment variable MIDI_IN=x allows you to change that (see console output for available portnumbers). See the Linux readme for more details.

## Exporting / [DAW] Multitrack

The milkytracker-experience is an OPENSOURCE but selfcontained workstation & fileformat using a PCKeyboard.
This does not mean you cannot export wav-files (to upload on a faircamp artistsite e.g.), or do a multitrack import into a DAW:

1. click 'file' to open file-explorer
2. click 'module' in the file-explorer
3. click the 'wav'-option
5. enter a filename if needed
6. click 'save'
7. adjust settings if needed (*)
8. click 'record' (*)
9. profit!

* = optionally you can click the file/channels/samp button:

- file: renders one wav-file (default)
- channels: renders each channel to seperate wav-file (multitrack)
- samp: render to an instrument (equivalent of ctrl+shift+v in pattern editor)

To import a track into a DAW: use 'channels' for multichannel export.
However, since channels can contain multiple instruments, a more popular approach is to export loops:

- set the orderlist to a certain pattern ('0A' e.g.)
- mute the channel (scopes) which should not be exported
- in step 6 (see above) enable 'allow muting'
- set the file/channels/samp-button to 'file'
- set range from/to the pattern ('0A' e.g.)
- click 'record' (rinse and repeat)
- in DAW: import the wav-loops
- in DAW: set the BPM tempo to milkytracker's BPM

## Publishing

The previous section adresses ways to publish to traditional music-channels (streaming services e.g.).
However, the module ecosystem has its own selfoperated distribution-channels, which pre-date everything else.
This module 'verse' distributes portable source-remixable songs, something the traditional music-industry has never been able to achieve years later.
How awesome is that?
Cross-publish modules to the following channels for future generations/remixes:

- https://modarchive.org
- https://modarchive.org
- https://modules.pl
- http://www.indiegamemusic.com
- http://amp.dascene.net

To selfhost [a netlabel or artistprofile] on the web, check out:

- https://github.com/9001/copyparty (*)
- https://codeberg.org/simonrepp/faircamp

* = plays xm/mod/etc out of the box via automatic ffmpeg/libopenmpt transcoding

## Known issues and bug reports

MilkyTracker aims for full Fasttracker II compatibility in its replay but this goal is easier set than achieved. Some of the original effect implementations defy all documentation and logic. Here's a list of current replay differences between FT2 and Milky:

- `E3x` glissando control is not implemented.
- `E4x` vibrato control is not implemented.
- `E7x` tremolo control is not implemamented.
- Handling of `E6x` pattern loop and `EEx` pattern delay on the same row
- Portamento overflow "effect" isn't reproduced in MilkyTracker.
- Volume column effects used in conjunction with `EDx` note delay

If you find more incompatibilities, or if MilkyTracker crashes or does something really stupid, we'd really like to hear from you and it would be even cooler if you could describe how to reproduce the problem. There's a section dedicated to bug reports on our web forum.

Concerning UI-scaling, some users had better results with enabling nearest-pixel mode: run milkytracker with environment-flag SCALE_NEAREST=1

## Credits

#### The MilkyTracker experience is brought to you by the following people:

pailes | main code
Deltafire | maintainer since v0.90.85
coderofsalvation | maintainer v1.03 till v1.06
kenet | graphics
raina | website, documentation maintenance and additional graphics
Kmuland | promotion, support and additional web graphics
Strobe | IRC channel administration, demo videos, winning compos

#### Acknowledgements

Thanks to the following people for their contribution to the project: Varthall/Up Rough for the AmigaOS port, jua for the Haiku port, tarzeau for Debian and Ubuntu packaging, ehaupt for FreeBSD port, Gary P. Scavone for RtAudio and RtMidi, kruze, idc, Rez et al. for the fonts, svenzzon for the demo tune, The Mod Archive staff for forum administration, Valerio for the quick reference printouts, syphus for constructive criticism, Flasch, setrodox, jix, Evil-Ville, Spot, sverx, the entire Titan crew for support and everybody who donated or dropped a letter.

Special greetings to everyone at #MilkyTracker for making it a daily active channel.

## Contact

You can contact the MilkyTracker team at GitHub (https://github.com/milkytracker/Milkytracker) or in IRC. To chat with the community live, you can connect to #MilkyTracker on EsperNet with your IRC client or use the java client on our website.